The cars in the picture you shared did the maneuver you claim is illegal.
Any access restrictions can be tagged on the road itself.

This changeset added incorrect no_straight_on restriction disallowing through traffic on GA 83.
osm.org/relation/12328207

My own curiosity:
If Amazon uses OSM for navigation how was this not found?
Was it maybe reported but mappers not knowing how to triage the issue?

osm.org/relation/10631840 no_straight_on was accidentally added to Cynthiana Road disallowing through traffic.

Incorrect no_straight_on restriction
osm.org/relation/18266820

idk

This is fantastic. Thank you for writing this out. I have to be honest, I thought aerial imagery was basically a live feed of reality. It never even occurred to me that it could be outdated, or that crucial information might exist on things called "traffic signs" on the actual ground.
Your breakdown of "facts" (from signs) versus "assumptions" (from old pictures) is a complete game-changer for me. I'm saving this as my new guide. It’s a whole new world of mapping now. I can’t thank you enough for this wisdom.
All the best ;D

Any restriction on continuing straight is covered by access and/or oneway tags on the relevant way.
The restriction made osm.org/way/1210491993 inaccessible.

Apologies. It was based off aerial imagery and the seeming absurdity of only allowing left turns when right turns are simpler. I concede I was wrong and have reverted both changesets.

The only_left_turn restriction disallowed bikes going straight.
no_right_turn restriction usually better in such scenarios to avoid unintended consequences.

The only_left_turn restriction forced Riverside Drive traffic to do a U-turn.
Removed.

Why was the tag removed? The way still provides connections.

Please make sure to fix warnings like impossible oneway.

This changeset left a bunch of dead-end oneway roads.
What is the new layout?

osm.org/way/1357790026

Why did you add restrictions like only_u_turn?

Lanes should not be mapped as separate ways.

This seems highly unlikely.
Removed.

This changeset changed no_left_turn restriction to only_left_turn

This changeset added an only_left_turn restriction disallowing through traffic.