OpenStreetMap
Аксиомы классификации дорог по важности
Zkir님이 Russian (Русский)로 2012년 8월 13일에 게시함. 최근 2012년 8월 22일에 업데이트됨.Эти аксиомы призваны дополнить существующие принципы классификации , и прояснить то, что было оставлено за кадром.
- Тупиковый участок от конца дороги до ближайшего перекрестка может иметь только самый низший статус( уровень важности) - residential или unclassified.
- Статус может меняться только на перекрестках, или на границах населенного пункта, если в нем отсутствуют перекрестки.
- Граф дорог, в который входят дороги некоторого статуса и выше, должен быть связным.
Кто-нибудь предложит четвертую аксиому? ;)
(Это, разумеется, затравка для предварительного обсуждения)
토론
2012년 8월 13일 10:08에 xushaoaa123님의 의견
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2012년 8월 13일 10:29에 Sanderd17님의 의견
К сожалению, я не говорю на русском, это было переведено с Google Translate.
Несмотря на то, как правило, верно, что дорога классификации лишь изменения в переходах, я не думаю, что это всегда так.
Иногда дорога классификация также изменения в границы (государственных границ э даже границах сообщества). Как здесьhttps://maps.google.com/?ll=50.934538,3.079777&spn=0.009155,0.026157&t=h&z=16&layer=c&cbll=50.934601,3.079926&panoid=0b8wFrYgiY_Lp4JquVjlxQ&cbp=12,237.07,,0,18.09 , На границе мое Oostnieuwkerke деревни и города Roeselare, дорога изменений с двух полос (классифицируется как третичный) в одну полосу (или несекретные). Или вот, на франко-бельгийской границы: osm.org/?lat=50.780064&lon=2.739279&zoom=18&layers=M дороге не изменится в виду, но Бельгии и Франции использовать различные схемы классификации.
Original text:
Although it is generally true that road classification only changes at crossings, I don’t think it’s always that way.
Sometimes, road classification also changes at borders (state borders er even community borders). Like here https://maps.google.com/?ll=50.934538,3.079777&spn=0.009155,0.026157&t=h&z=16&layer=c&cbll=50.934601,3.079926&panoid=0b8wFrYgiY_Lp4JquVjlxQ&cbp=12,237.07,,0,18.09 , at the border of my village Oostnieuwkerke and the city Roeselare, the road changes from two lanes (classified as tertiary) to one lane (or unclassified). Or here, at the French-Belgian boundary: osm.org/?lat=50.780064&lon=2.739279&zoom=18&layers=M the road doesn’t change in view, but Belgium and France use different classification schemes.
2012년 8월 13일 10:43에 osmisto님의 의견
Статус на границе НП менятся не может? Например повышаться: secondary ведёт в town, но в самом городе она primary, или даже транзитная в другой город.
2012년 8월 13일 10:44에 osmisto님의 의견
Oh :) I forgot to reload before posting my comment
2012년 8월 13일 11:19에 Zverik님의 의견
Sanderd17, I can’t but comment that in Russia, physical attributes of a road do not affect its highway tag value. The latter is defined as an importance of the road in the routing graph. That is, the more drivers choose the road for their trip, the higher value is set for highway tag. Neither official classification (E105), nor surface quality and number of lanes do not matter.
2012년 8월 13일 11:20에 Zverik님의 의견
(sorry, do not matter -> matter)
2012년 8월 13일 13:28에 Diomas님의 의견
А если дорога ведет к 2-3 населенным пунктам которые находятся на этой дороге друг за другом и в этих населенных пунктах нет перекрестков?
2012년 8월 13일 13:42에 Zkir님의 의견
Про границы НП - очень дельное замечание. Это надо будет учесть. Обычно так бывает, когда unclassified меняется на residential. Но это один и тот же уровень значимости. Может ли tertiary меняться на границе на residential, надо подумать :)
//Например повышаться: secondary ведёт в town, но в самом городе она primary.
Так быть категорически не должно - это нарушение третьей аксиомы. Главная улица в городе не может иметь статус выше, чем самая статусная дорога к нему. Если я выбрал дороги primary и выше, у меня не должен получится висяк в виде главной улицы уездного города N.
2012년 8월 13일 15:29에 Zkir님의 의견
Sanderd17, I agree that status can change (in special cases) on the city boundary. Obviously status can also change on the borders of the countries too.
But note, that in Russia classification by relative importance in the road graph is used. So those axioms are about this kind of road classification.
Also, it’s a BIG problem for me, that in Europe not all contries use this scheme, because it is not possible to create routable overview map of Europe. It is not possible to fetch main roads by highway tag, because they will to make connected graph.
2012년 8월 13일 15:30에 Zkir님의 의견
… because they will NOT make connected graph.
2012년 8월 14일 06:52에 Sanderd17님의 의견
And how do you calculate the “relative importance in the road graph”? We have no data to determine that.
We only see the data on the ground. That is the official classification and the design of the road. We try to determine the relative importance from that data:
Exxx and Axx -> motorway
Nx and Nxx with special “autoweg” sign -> trunk
Nx and Nxx -> primary
Nxxx -> secondary
two lanes -> tertiary
one lane -> residential or unclassified
This was done in the hope that our state makes those decisions based on the importance of the road. You may know that Belgium has a very bad spacial ordering. We don’t have the normal residential centres but lint-construction. There used to be centres in the middle ages, those were connected with roads, and from than on, people build their houses along those roads. So you get huge lints of buildings.
The example I showed you is also this case: osm.org/?lat=50.934473&lon=3.080182&zoom=18&layers=M
You see that the teriary road starts together with the lint of houses. All those people living there have to be frequently in the city. So it’s difficult to determine the importance, as it accumulates while you go via a lint.
Btw, our state doesn’t give us the best data. The recently turned a primary road (with the ref N37) in a no-exit road. Off coarse, in cases like that, we deviate from our scheme to follow the numbering.
And because it’s so difficult to calculate the “relative importance”, Belgium indeed has some different definitions than France. Btw, you will see that the routing graph is still mostly connected (although the best way often leads over a few residential roads or tertiary).
2012년 8월 22일 15:44에 Zkir님의 의견
We have guidelines.
If in short - traffic generators should be assigned with low importance (residential, unclassified) and traffic conductors should be assigned with high importance (tertiary-secondary-primary-trunk)
Traffic conductors are also classified by kind of the traffic. Very-very roughly: traffic between Moscow and region capitals is considered trunk, traffic between regions - primary, traffic between towns of the same region - primary, traffic between town and villages inside region - tertiary.
2012년 8월 22일 15:45에 Zkir님의 의견
This is possible because we still have very distinct population centers (cities, towns and villages) in Russia.
2012년 8월 22일 16:24에 Sanderd17님의 의견
This is indeed very clear with distinct population centres. But that wouldn’t solve the road classification inside a city as Moscow.
Some consider Flanders to be one big city with some holes in it (there’s not a single place where you can’t see a building around you). So I’m particularly interested in the classification inside those big cities.
See Moscow and the central part of Flanders on the same zoom level:
osm.org/?lat=51.068&lon=4.27&zoom=10&layers=M osm.org/?lat=55.732&lon=37.715&zoom=10&layers=M
But because Flanders didn’t evolve from a single city, we don’t have a motorway around it, but only motorways through Flanders. But still around the old cities.
I think, in Moscow, the situation is more clear than in Flanders. In Moscow, you can assume a star-shaped road network to start from, and with the rules such as “trunk may only end in primary roads”, you have a decent classification. While we have something quite random to start with.
So I guess we’re quite stuck with our classification (because our government never saw the benefit of spacial ordering, and nobody in Flanders wants to live in a city).